How is the date of Election Day decided?

Federal law sets it as the Tuesday after the first Monday in November in even-numbered years. Because the Tuesday must follow a Monday that is itself the first of the month, the earliest possible date is November 2 and the latest is November 8. The rule has applied to House elections since 1845 and to Senate elections since senators began being popularly elected in 1914.

What is the difference between a midterm and a presidential election?

Both are federal general elections held on the same November Tuesday. Presidential elections fall every four years and include the White House at the top of the ballot; midterms fall halfway between and do not. The congressional stakes are identical either way — all 435 House seats and about a third of the Senate are contested in both.

When is the deadline to register to vote?

It depends on your state, and it ranges from about 30 days before Election Day to Election Day itself. Nineteen states and the District of Columbia allow registration on Election Day, three more allow it during early voting only, and North Dakota has no registration requirement at all. Alto's voter ID and registration pages list the specific deadline and ID rules for each state.

Can I still vote if I miss the registration deadline?

Only if your state offers same-day or Election Day registration. Where it is not offered, missing the cutoff means you cannot vote in that election, though you can register afterward for the next one. Some states let you cast a provisional ballot that is counted only if your eligibility is later confirmed.

Does this countdown track state and local elections too?

No. It counts down to the federal general election, which is the one date fixed nationwide by statute. Primaries, runoffs, municipal races, and special elections are set by each state and fall on many different days throughout the year, so your county or state election office is the reliable source for those.

Civics & Government

Election Countdown

The next federal general election, and how long you have left to register in your state.

Days until Election Day

Tuesday, November 3, 2026 — about 7 weeks away.

House seats up

435

The entire chamber, every two years.

Senate seats up

~1/3

One of three classes, six-year terms.

Election type

Midterm

No presidential race on the ballot.

Voter registration deadlines by state

Deadlines for the 2026 general election, soonest first. Most states that offer same-day registration still publish an advance cutoff for registering by mail or online, with in-person same-day registration as the fallback — so a date here does not mean you have no other option.

State	Registration deadline	Days left
Alaska	October 4, 2026	21
Arkansas	October 4, 2026	21
Louisiana	October 4, 2026	21
Mississippi	October 4, 2026	21
Montana	October 4, 2026	21
Ohio	October 4, 2026	21
Rhode Island	October 4, 2026	21
South Carolina	October 4, 2026	21
Tennessee	October 4, 2026	21
Texas	October 4, 2026	21
Arizona	October 5, 2026	22
Florida	October 5, 2026	22
Georgia	October 5, 2026	22
Indiana	October 5, 2026	22
Kentucky	October 5, 2026	22
Illinois	October 6, 2026	23
Nevada	October 6, 2026	23
New Mexico	October 6, 2026	23
Missouri	October 7, 2026	24
North Carolina	October 9, 2026	26
Oklahoma	October 9, 2026	26
Delaware	October 10, 2026	27
Kansas	October 13, 2026	30
Maine	October 13, 2026	30
Maryland	October 13, 2026	30
Minnesota	October 13, 2026	30
New Jersey	October 13, 2026	30
Oregon	October 13, 2026	30
West Virginia	October 13, 2026	30
District of Columbia	October 13, 2026	30
Wisconsin	October 14, 2026	31
Alabama	October 19, 2026	36
California	October 19, 2026	36
Iowa	October 19, 2026	36
Michigan	October 19, 2026	36
Pennsylvania	October 19, 2026	36
South Dakota	October 19, 2026	36
Wyoming	October 20, 2026	37
New Hampshire	October 21, 2026	38
Idaho	October 23, 2026	40
Nebraska	October 23, 2026	40
Utah	October 23, 2026	40
Virginia	October 23, 2026	40
Hawaii	October 24, 2026	41
Massachusetts	October 24, 2026	41
New York	October 24, 2026	41
Colorado	October 26, 2026	43
Washington	October 26, 2026	43
Connecticut	October 27, 2026	44
North Dakota	No registration required	No cutoff
Vermont	Yes — on Election Day	No cutoff

Deadlines are the standard rule for each state and can shift for special elections or by registration method — mail registrations are often judged by postmark, online ones by submission time. Confirm with your state election office, or register at vote.gov. Source: National Conference of State Legislatures. Full ID rules are on the voter ID by state pages.

Federal Election Day is not a floating holiday — it is fixed in statute as the Tuesday after the first Monday in November of every even-numbered year. That rule is what this page counts down to, so the date is computed rather than hand-entered and never goes stale.

The deadline that actually catches people out is not Election Day but the registration cutoff, which in some states falls a full month earlier. The countdown below pairs the election date with your state's deadline so you can see both clocks at once.

Why Election Day is always a Tuesday in November

Congress set a single nationwide date in 1845. Tuesday was chosen so rural voters could travel to the county seat without leaving on the Sabbath, and early November fell after the harvest but before winter closed the roads. The formula — the Tuesday after the first Monday — exists so Election Day can never land on November 1, which was both All Saints' Day and a common day for merchants to settle the prior month's books. The result is a date between November 2 and November 8.

What is on the ballot

Every federal election fills all 435 seats in the House of Representatives, because House terms run two years and the entire chamber turns over together. Roughly a third of the Senate is up as well: senators serve six-year terms and are split into three classes so the chamber is never wholly replaced at once. Most states also elect governors, legislators, judges, and local offices on the same day, and many carry ballot measures, which is why the same ballot looks very different from one state to the next.

The deadline before the deadline

Registration closes before Election Day in most of the country, commonly 15 to 30 days ahead. Twenty-two states plus the District of Columbia offer some form of same-day registration — 19 of them plus DC on Election Day itself, and three during early voting only — while North Dakota does not require registration at all. Note that most of those states still publish an advance deadline for registering by mail or online, with same-day registration as the in-person fallback. If you have moved, changed your name, or skipped the last few cycles, your registration may have lapsed even if you believe you are still on the rolls — checking is faster than assuming.

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